Prologue - Splendid Jinchuriki of the Leaf
Many years ago, Konoha was faced with a terrible threat. A masked shinobi seeking to destroy Konoha drew out the Kyuubi from Kushina Uzumaki who was in the throes of childbirth. Though the 3rd Hokage and other shinobi tried to help, they could do little but push the Kyuubi back outside of Konoha's city wall.
The 4th Hokage, Minato Namikaze, transported the Kyuubi away from the village using his Flash Step technique. Then using all his skills he battled the masked shinobi whom he discovered was his former student Obito Uchiha. An injured Obito escaped, leaving the 4th Hokage to figure out what to do with the Kyuubi.
Due to the incredible strain on her body, Kushina Uzumaki was unable to re-seal the Kyuubi fully into her body. Minato, using the Eight Trigram Seal technique, split the chakra Yin and Yang of the Kyuubi between Kushina and their newborn, Naruto. Only Minato, Kushina, and the 3rd Hokage know that Naruto is carrying half of the Nine Tails Demon Fox inside him.
Naruto will carry the name of Uzumaki into adulthood, as the threats to a child of a Hokage are great, especially from the likes of Obito Uchiha. One day he can take up his father's name, when he becomes a Splendid Jinchuriki of the Leaf